{"id":53934,"date":"2025-07-21T11:55:06","date_gmt":"2025-07-21T04:55:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/?p=53934"},"modified":"2026-09-03T20:42:31","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T13:42:31","slug":"caffeine-trong-latte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/vi\/caffeine-trong-latte\/","title":{"rendered":"5 Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 Quy\u1ebft \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00e0m L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Caffeine Trong Ly Latte C\u1ee7a B\u1ea1n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t ly latte d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi u\u1ed1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t ly latte kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc h\u1ed9p \u0111en. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c – c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 pha ch\u1ebf, v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 (ratio construction) – m\u1ed7i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ly \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng 65 mg \u00eam d\u1ecbu v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00fa s\u1ed1c 250 mg khi\u1ebfn tim \u0111\u1eadp th\u00ecnh th\u1ecbch hi\u1ebfm khi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn xung quanh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong latte th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. M\u1ed9t ly latte 16-oz kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u caffeine h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ly latte 12-oz. C\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3. S\u1eefa, chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1ec3 t\u00edch trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ly latte n\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t pha lo\u00e3ng, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t mang h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh caffeine b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac t\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh shot espresso.<\/p>\n\n\n

Th\u1ee9 G\u00ec Th\u1ef1c S\u1ef1 Quy\u1ebft \u0110\u1ecbnh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Caffeine Trong Ly Latte C\u1ee7a B\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong latte c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat g\u1ecdn l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n duy nh\u1ea5t: t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i shot nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot. S\u1eefa \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng milligram n\u00e0o – n\u00f3 \u0111i v\u00e0o t\u00e1ch v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t pha lo\u00e3ng v\u00e0 \u0111i ra c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed caffeine n\u00e0o. M\u1ed7i th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t trong quy tr\u00ecnh pha ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o n\u0103m y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong m\u1ed9t ly latte, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. L\u1eddi h\u1ee9a c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong c\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd b\u1edfi t\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine c\u00f3 trong l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n xanh ban \u0111\u1ea7u, tr\u1eeb \u0111i m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng suy hao nh\u1ecf trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 l\u1edbn) ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t trong b\u00e3 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 m\u1eb9o pha ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lan truy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng. Vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 (steep time) kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra caffeine. C\u00e1c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 pha kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng sinh ra l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine m\u1edbi. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n r\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ecdi bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: n\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, hay n\u00f3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t? B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t trong hai vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y (nh\u01b0 lo\u1ea1i s\u1eefa, ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng c\u1ed1c, hay thao t\u00e1c r\u00f3t latte art) \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c l\u00e0m-thay-\u0111\u1ed5i-kh\u1ed1i-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (mass-changing category), c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u00e2u h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1t l\u1ea1i ngay t\u1eeb s\u1edbm. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c tr\u1ea7n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n sau \u0111\u00f3. Gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean – ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng caffeine di truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1m s\u00e2u trong h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea xanh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t khi bao c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o ph\u1ec5u m\u00e1y xay. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 rang nh\u00edch c\u00e1i tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m. C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng n\u00fam xoay \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c: k\u00edch c\u1ee1 h\u1ea1t xay, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1eddi gian chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot espresso. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi pha ch\u1ebf mang t\u01b0 duy ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u1eebng ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00edch c\u1ee1 kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ly latte, trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1edfi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot espresso \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o – ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1edfi ounce ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (fluid ounces). M\u1ed9t ly latte 20-oz v\u1edbi hai shot ch\u1ee9a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ly latte 10-oz v\u1edbi hai shot. M\u01b0\u1eddi ounce t\u0103ng th\u00eam kia ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1eefa. Vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0 duy theo ounce ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng khi \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh caffeine l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng-\u0111\u1ebfn-kh\u1ed1i-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (mass-impact test) – v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y – bao g\u1ed3m: gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 rang, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t (k\u00edch c\u1ee1 xay, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t), s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot, v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eefa. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 chi ph\u1ed1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cung c\u1ea5p caffeine v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1eefu \u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111i s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o t\u1eebng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n\n\n

\"Close<\/figure>\n\n\n
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Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Natalia Olechno, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa Bia\u0142ystok v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i t\u1ed5ng quan t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 qua b\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t (peer-reviewed) c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Foods (MDPI), \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111a bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ed5 sung \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong dung d\u1ecbch pha ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p pha, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00f4 m\u1ecbn khi xay, th\u1eddi gian chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e0 ph\u00ea espresso, v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea\/n\u01b0\u1edbc.”<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y ch\u00fa \u00fd xem \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u1eafng b\u00f3ng trong danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3: th\u1ec3 t\u00edch s\u1eefa, k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u1ecdt. Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u00e2u pha ch\u1ebf – v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 1: Gi\u1ed1ng H\u1ea1t C\u00e0 Ph\u00ea – N\u1ec1n T\u1ea3ng Caffeine C\u1ee7a B\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 c\u00e1nh c\u1ed5ng nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u00ean m\u1ee9c tr\u1ea7n caffeine c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ly latte tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0o b\u1ecb ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi. Robusta ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine g\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng 1.8\u20132.2 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi Arabica tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea xanh, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb di truy\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc – c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c enzyme caffeine synthase trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang hay chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ed9ng d\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 S. Kuhn v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Journal of Food Engineering, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea xanh s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 Arabica v\u00e0 Robusta l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 1.2% v\u00e0 2.4% t\u00ednh theo kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng… N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 caffeine trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea pha ch\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t.”<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf pha ch\u1ebf latte, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 2:1 \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 shot espresso. M\u1ed9t shot espresso \u0111\u01a1n (single) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t puck c\u00e0 ph\u00ea 100% Robusta – c\u00f9ng li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 18 g, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t – c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng 90\u2013110 mg caffeine. C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh shot \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb 100% Arabica mang l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 45\u201360 mg. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t puck Arabica v\u00e0 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c s\u00e0n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t shot Robusta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung “m\u1ee9c tr\u1ea7n” tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n: nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 pha ch\u1ebf espresso cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p (blend) 95% Robusta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 92\u00b0C v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t 7 bar t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 caffeine l\u00ean t\u1edbi 3,528 mg tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i l\u00edt dung d\u1ecbch pha – m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn cao nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 espresso. Con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 u\u1ed1ng; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m (proof of concept) cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb khi m\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. L\u1edbp n\u1ec1n espresso g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 thu\u1ea7n Robusta l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine t\u1ed1i \u0111a tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i ounce c\u1ee7a ly latte, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 mang theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea3m quan – s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafng ng\u1eaft v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb cao su – th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 s\u1eefa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu b\u1edbt nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 che l\u1ea5p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 pha ch\u1ebf mang t\u01b0 duy ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n (specialty coffee), m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (baseline) l\u00e0 100% Arabica ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 Arabica chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ly latte single-shot ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n trong ph\u1ea1m vi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 – n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1eadp m\u1edd trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p (blend opacity). Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 rang xay th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m Robusta, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n caffeine tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1n (house blend) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n m\u00e1c. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 rang xay, ho\u1eb7c neo c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea single-origin (ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u01a1n) \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft n\u01a1i gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c shot c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ch\u1ea3y ra n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafng h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Robusta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1eefa \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1edb: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 duy nh\u1ea5t trong danh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ngay trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m pha ch\u1ebf. K\u00edch c\u1ee1 xay, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng – b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00fang gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n k\u00e9o shot. Gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea th\u00ec l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb kh\u00f3a ch\u1eb7t ngay t\u1ea1i kh\u00e2u mua h\u00e0ng. H\u00e3y l\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang ngay t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n cung \u1ee9ng, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 2: M\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ed9 Rang (M\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ed9 Rang) – \u0110\u00e1nh L\u1eeba H\u01a1n B\u1ea1n T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 rang mang theo m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng (myth) \u0103n s\u00e2u b\u00e1m r\u1ec5 nh\u1ea5t trong truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. L\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh – “c\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang nh\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u caffeine h\u01a1n” – nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb h\u1ee3p l\u00fd b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. Nh\u01b0ng caffeine l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (mass-balance chemistry). Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine m\u1ea5t \u0111i x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 5% ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf c\u00e1c h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 rang \u0111\u1eadm k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh b\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac (structural carbohydrates) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 15\u201320% t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hao h\u1ee5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1eafc k\u00fd l\u1ecfng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao (HPLC) (NCBI PMID 2487024) cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i caffeine kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 qua c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 rang kh\u00e1c nhau, trong khi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0: t\u00ednh tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i gram c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 rang, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang \u0111\u1eadm c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 caffeine nh\u1ec9nh h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u00ec c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed caffeine gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5ng \u00edt h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi 120 g c\u00e0 ph\u00ea xanh ch\u1ee9a 1.2 g caffeine – n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 caffeine 1.0%. Sau m\u1ed9t m\u1ebb rang \u0111\u1eadm lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf 15% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 102 g c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1eabn ch\u1ee9a kho\u1ea3ng 1.15 g caffeine. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 1.0% l\u00ean ~1.13%. \u0110\u00f3 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf 3\u20137% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine-tr\u00ean-m\u1ed7i-gram nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang \u0111\u1eadm so v\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang nh\u1ea1t, m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i? B\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 rang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o th\u1ec3 t\u00edch – m\u1ed9t mu\u1ed7ng – thay v\u00ec tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. H\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang nh\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n (\u00edt h\u01a1i \u1ea9m b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y ra ngo\u00e0i h\u01a1n), v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u1ed9t mu\u1ed7ng g\u1ea1t ph\u1eb3ng ch\u1ee9a h\u1ea1t rang nh\u1ea1t s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5ng caffeine nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t mu\u1ed7ng ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t rang \u0111\u1eadm x\u1ed1p nh\u1eb9. Trong k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang nh\u1ea1t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u caffeine h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh pha espresso t\u1ea1i qu\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c \u1edf nh\u00e0, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (dose) theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ed9t li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 18 g l\u00e0 18 g b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 rang l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau, v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng nhau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang \u0111\u1eadm gi\u00e0nh l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c pha latte: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang \u0111\u1eadm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i th\u00eam kho\u1ea3ng 5% caffeine tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i gram c\u00e0 ph\u00ea trong portafilter. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c, s\u1ebd mang t\u00ednh c\u1ed9ng d\u1ed3n khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o th\u00eam shot b\u1ed5 sung. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1eb1m \u1edf h\u00e0nh vi chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t – h\u1ea1t rang \u0111\u1eadm gi\u00f2n h\u01a1n, d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y nhanh h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 h\u00f2a tan c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1ec3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00fa h\u00edch caffeine, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh k\u00edch c\u1ee1 xay th\u00f4 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea1 nh\u1eb9 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho shot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u1ea3m quan c\u1ee7a ly latte s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 pha ch\u1ebf mang t\u01b0 duy ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 rang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p – \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch – nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng thu h\u1eb9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine. N\u00f3 h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf tinh ch\u1ec9nh sau khi gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed1t, c\u1ea1o th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i gram tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 3: \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc Chi\u1ebft Xu\u1ea5t – B\u1ea3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n C\u1ee7a Barista<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t espresso ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, n\u01a1i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng caffeine di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng milligram h\u00f2a tan trong t\u00e1ch. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t hay m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 rang, c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n k\u00e9o shot – \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y linh ho\u1ea1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t barista \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. K\u00edch c\u1ee1 xay, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp; ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau, n\u01a1i vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf chi ph\u1ed1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n b\u1eadc m\u1ed9t (first-order diffusion). C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed caffeine di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ra ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc xung quanh theo m\u1ed9t d\u1ed1c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 (concentration gradient). Ba th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00edch C\u1ee1 Xay L\u00e0m Thay \u0110\u1ed5i S\u1ea3n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Caffeine Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf N\u00e0o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Xay m\u1ecbn h\u01a1n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n trung b\u00ecnh – kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed caffeine ph\u1ea3i di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb l\u00f5i h\u1ea1t ra \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea3 hai t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c xay m\u1ecbn h\u01a1n c\u0169ng l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y qua puck c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y. M\u1ee9c tr\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng channeling (k\u00eanh l\u01b0u d\u1eabn): xay qu\u00e1 m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu trong puck, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u1edf ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn kh\u1ed1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea trong khi l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u1edf nh\u1eefng r\u00e3nh h\u1eb9p. S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u01a1i Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9 V\u00e0 Th\u1eddi Gian Ti\u1ebfp X\u00fac Giao Nhau<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc chi ph\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed trong dung d\u1ecbch, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n – l\u00ean t\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 96\u00b0C – l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n caffeine tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian. V\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng caffeine bi\u00ean (marginal caffeine gain) b\u1ecb l\u1ea5n \u00e1t b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t phenolic ch\u00e1t, l\u00e0m b\u1eb9p \u0111i v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a ly latte v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t h\u1eadu v\u1ecb g\u1eaft, kh\u00f4. Th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac (th\u1eddi gian k\u00e9o shot) quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edch l\u0169y: m\u1ed9t shot d\u00e0i h\u01a1n s\u1ebd k\u00e9o ra nhi\u1ec1u caffeine h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. M\u1ed9t shot b\u1ecb ngh\u1eb9n, ch\u1ea3y ch\u1eadm \u1edf m\u1ee9c xay m\u1ecbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb trong khi v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Sophia L. Wampfler v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Foods, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n (calibration point) h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong t\u00e1ch EC [c\u00e0 ph\u00ea espresso] ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eb9 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 xay kh\u00e1c nhau… Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 xay m\u1ecbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong t\u00e1ch.”<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ee5m t\u1eeb then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 “b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eb9” – \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y caffeine c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0ng n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xay m\u1ecbn h\u01a1n; b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c (xay m\u1ecbn h\u01a1n khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u01b0 tr\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ef7 L\u1ec7 Pha (Brew Ratio) Nh\u1edd V\u00e0o Vai Tr\u00f2 Bi\u1ebfn S\u1ed1 \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n Ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c barista coi c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng n\u00fam xoay \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb. C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng n\u00fam xoay \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y caffeine tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n – v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 bao tr\u00f9m l\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a ch\u00fang: t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 pha (brew ratio), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u1ed9t so v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean k\u00edch c\u1ee1 xay, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng caffeine c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 18 g sang 20 g trong m\u1ed9t shot c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine t\u0103ng th\u00eam kho\u1ea3ng 10%, v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y theo nh\u1eefng m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 0.5\u00b0C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ef1c \u0111oan \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y: m\u1ed9t puck c\u00e0 ph\u00ea g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 thu\u1ea7n Robusta 7.5 g \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o \u1edf 92\u00b0C v\u00e0 7 bar t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 caffeine cao nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 espresso. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c caffeine, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 pha kh\u1eaft khe, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng d\u1ed3n – ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 th\u1eeba th\u00e3i. M\u1ed9t barista c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n ristretto h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine cao cho m\u1ed9t ly latte: t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u1eaft khe, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, xay m\u1ecbn, k\u00e9o ra th\u1ec3 t\u00edch ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u00edt h\u01a1n. S\u1eefa sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd pha lo\u00e3ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n t\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong cappuccino<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (benchmark) c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t espresso n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1ee9c 18\u201322%. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t caffeine th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u00f3 b\u1edfi v\u00ec caffeine l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 (PMC10418593) x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng k\u00edch c\u1ee1 xay m\u1ecbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t caffeine, trong khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y qu\u00e1 cao – tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 2 g\/s – l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong m\u1ed7i shot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t minh ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch caffeine di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 pha ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian xem:<\/p>\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=etnMr8oUSDo<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u00fat ra: t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 pha (brew ratio) l\u00e0 n\u00fam xoay ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, k\u00edch c\u1ee1 xay v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tinh ch\u1ec9nh ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3, v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. H\u00e3y kh\u00f3a ch\u1eb7t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh k\u00edch c\u1ee1 xay v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb trong khi v\u1eabn theo d\u00f5i s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine s\u1ebd \u0111i theo sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 4: C\u1ea5u Tr\u00fac Shot – Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee8ng C\u1ea5p S\u1ed1 Nh\u00e2n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y caffeine minh b\u1ea1ch nh\u1ea5t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng latte – v\u00e0 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u00edt s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t shot espresso \u0111\u01a1n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 18 g c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, mang l\u1ea1i x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 63 mg caffeine trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t Arabica \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. M\u1ed7i shot b\u1ed5 sung, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t puck c\u00e0 ph\u00ea m\u1edbi toanh v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t, s\u1ebd c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 t\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang quy \u01b0\u1edbc k\u00edch c\u1ee1 ly latte: m\u1ed9t ly latte single-shot (t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 8\u201310 oz) cung c\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng 63 mg; latte medium double-shot (~12 oz) kho\u1ea3ng 126 mg; latte large triple-shot (~16\u201320 oz) kho\u1ea3ng 189 mg. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh mang t\u00ednh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh – c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ebd d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 rang, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea1m b\u1eaby th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9o nh\u1eefng puck ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho t\u1eebng shot. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t shot \u0111\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01a1n – theo c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a lungo – nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch cho c\u00e1c ly c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed9t puck \u0111\u01a1n ph\u1eb3ng d\u1ea7n khi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 h\u00f2a tan nh\u1ea5t (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 caffeine) b\u1ecb c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t. \u00c9p m\u1ed9t puck 18 g \u0111\u01a1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang thu v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n caffeine sinh l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n (diminishing caffeine returns) trong khi l\u1ea1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c k\u00e9o th\u00eam nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ch\u00e1t, \u0111\u1eafng g\u1eaft v\u00e0o t\u00e1ch. Ly latte c\u00f3 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eadm h\u01a1n – nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e2n l\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng puck m\u1edbi t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t cho t\u1eebng shot. Hai li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 18 g ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, m\u1ed7i li\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u caffeine h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb ngon h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t li\u1ec1u 18 g b\u1ecb \u00e9p t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng home brewer s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y pha m\u1ed9t n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i (single-boiler), \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ecdc: k\u00e9o nhi\u1ec1u shot li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 1\u20133\u00b0C, l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf m\u1ed7i shot m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecdc s\u1ed1 PID ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c shot l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 khi b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c shot l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd: vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot s\u1ebd l\u00e0m d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa s\u1eefa v\u00e0 espresso trong c\u1ed1c. M\u1ed9t ly latte triple-shot trong c\u1ed1c 16-oz c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3m quan kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ly double-shot trong c\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfc c\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f3 – b\u1edbt \u0111i v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a s\u1eefa, t\u0103ng th\u00eam body c\u1ee7a espresso. S\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 c\u1ea3m quan, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 caffeine, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5. N\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 5: S\u1ef1 Pha Lo\u00e3ng C\u1ee7a S\u1eefa – C\u1ea3m Nh\u1eadn vs. Th\u1ef1c T\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eefa l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 duy nh\u1ea5t trong danh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine \u0111i m\u1ed9t milligram n\u00e0o – v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh caffeine ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1eefu \u00edch tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1eadt l\u00fd r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: th\u00eam b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch s\u1eefa n\u00e0o v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot espresso c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u00eam v\u00e0o, b\u1edbt \u0111i, hay l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed caffeine n\u00e0o. T\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong t\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00e1c shot \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang pha m\u1ed9t ly piccolo latte hay m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i x\u00f4 20-oz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eefa th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i ng\u1ee5m. M\u1ed9t ly cortado – t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 espresso v\u00e0 s\u1eefa x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 1:1 – cung c\u1ea5p caffeine \u1edf m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i ounce cao h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ly latte 12-oz ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t shot \u0111\u00f4i (double shot) \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed7i ng\u1ee5m cortado mang theo nhi\u1ec1u caffeine h\u01a1n. T\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cung c\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb n\u00e9n l\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t ly latte 6-oz ch\u1ee9a hai shot (~126 mg trong t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 180 ml) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 caffeine tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i ng\u1ee5m cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ly latte 16-oz c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u00fang hai shot \u0111\u00f3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 caffeine trong huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1eafc n\u00e9t h\u01a1n – m\u1ed9t “c\u00fa h\u00edch” nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n h\u01a1n – m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5. Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch s\u1eefa l\u1edbn h\u01a1n theo l\u1ebd t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian u\u1ed1ng. Vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea1p caffeine t\u1eeb 3 ph\u00fat (cortado) ra th\u00e0nh 15 ph\u00fat (latte c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn) s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u00f3 – t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 – l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau. Nh\u01b0ng h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u00ec kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ly cortado l\u1ea1i mang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n ngay c\u1ea3 khi nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c barista khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng cho nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c th\u1eddi gian. M\u1ed9t ly piccolo latte – th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng 3\u20134 oz v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t shot \u0111\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c shot \u0111\u00f4i – t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 caffeine cao m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n s\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thanh l\u1ecbch h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u00eam m\u1ed9t shot n\u1eefa v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc c\u1ed1c l\u1edbn v\u00e0 l\u00e0m pha lo\u00e3ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eefa h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng (myth) \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn cold brew. C\u1ed1t (concentrate) cold brew th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 v\u1ed1n d\u0129 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u caffeine h\u01a1n espresso, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u00fang \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ed1t (concentrate stage) – n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 150\u2013200 mg tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i 12 oz l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn – nh\u01b0ng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a latte, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 pha tr\u1ed9n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p pha ch\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n thay th\u1ebf espresso b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed1t cold brew trong m\u1ed9t ly latte, ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh caffeine ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c: \u0111o th\u1ec3 t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1ec3 t\u00edch d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 pha v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean. Nh\u00e3n m\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u mang t\u00ednh “m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd” l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 pha ch\u1ebf mang t\u01b0 duy ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eefa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra sau khi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau caffeine \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed1t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 – n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3. H\u00e3y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau milligram c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed1n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u1ea3m quan v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Thi\u1ebft K\u1ebf H\u1ed3 S\u01a1 Caffeine Ho\u00e0n H\u1ea3o C\u1ee7a B\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c caffeine c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho m\u1ed9t ly latte kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u1ed9t khi n\u0103m y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00fang tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 – v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb n\u00e0o. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea1y t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ee9c tr\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c tinh ch\u1ec9nh, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 1 – Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ee9c tr\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Ch\u1ecdn Arabica cho m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (baseline) 45\u201360 mg tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i shot, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a Robusta \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ean g\u1ea7n 90\u2013110 mg tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i shot. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n cung \u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh pha ch\u1ebf. H\u00e3y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 2 – \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 rang. C\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang \u0111\u1eadm mang l\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 3\u20137% tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i gram do kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang. M\u1ee9c t\u0103ng nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c. H\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f3 v\u00e0o t\u00ednh to\u00e1n n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u1edf ranh gi\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng v\u1eaft ki\u1ec7t th\u00eam v\u00e0i milligram t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng Arabica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 3 – C\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i shot. H\u00e3y kh\u00f3a ch\u1eb7t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 pha (brew ratio) tr\u01b0\u1edbc – n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y d\u1ec5 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u1ea5t. Chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 18 g sang 20 g trong m\u1ed9t shot c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng caffeine l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 10%. Sau \u0111\u00f3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh k\u00edch c\u1ee1 xay v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong ph\u1ea1m vi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t 18\u201322%. Xay m\u1ecbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n (l\u00ean t\u1edbi ~96\u00b0C) \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t caffeine l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n; t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 4 – Nh\u00e2n l\u00ean v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot. M\u1ed7i puck c\u00e0 ph\u00ea m\u1edbi toanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine gia t\u0103ng x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng nhau. Hai puck 18 g t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t puck 18 g b\u1ecb \u00e9p t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c lungo m\u1ecdi l\u00fac m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i – c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine l\u1eabn t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 5 – Ch\u1ecdn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eefa cho tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. T\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eefa s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i ng\u1ee5m v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eefa th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n giao caffeine nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n; t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 cao h\u01a1n s\u1ebd k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n n\u00f3 ra. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh gi\u00fap \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7u ra caffeine tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i shot:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau caffeine (mg) = s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot \u00d7 [li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea (g) \u00d7 0.0125 \u00d7 (1 + h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 rang) \u00d7 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n

    \n\n
  • 0.0125 = 1.25% caffeine tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i gram (m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Arabica rang \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh)<\/li>\n\n\n
  • H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 rang = 0.05 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi rang \u0111\u1eadm, 0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi rang nh\u1ea1t<\/li>\n\n\n
  • Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t = 0.85\u20130.95 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a k\u00edch c\u1ee1 xay v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t shot \u0111\u00f4i (double shot) d\u00f9ng 18 g Arabica, rang \u0111\u1eadm, chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed1t: 2 \u00d7 [18 \u00d7 0.0125 \u00d7 1.05 \u00d7 0.90] = 2 \u00d7 21.2 = ~42 mg m\u1ed7i shot, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng ~84 mg<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i tr\u00ean hai shot ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u barista v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng t\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3 n\u0103m y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1<\/th>
    T\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ebfn Kh\u1ed1i L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Caffeine<\/th>M\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ed9 D\u1ec5 D\u00e0ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Ch\u1ec9nh<\/th>T\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ebfn H\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ecb<\/th>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ee3p S\u1eed D\u1ee5ng T\u1ed1t Nh\u1ea5t<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Gi\u1ed1ng H\u1ea1t<\/td>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ee9c tr\u1ea7n (2:1 Robusta so v\u1edbi Arabica)<\/td>Th\u1ea5p – ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n cung \u1ee9ng<\/td>Cao (Robusta t\u1ea1o th\u00eam v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafng)<\/td>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00fac mua h\u00e0ng; kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngay l\u00fac pha<\/td><\/tr>
    M\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ed9 Rang<\/td>+3\u20137% tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i gram \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi rang \u0111\u1eadm<\/td>Th\u1ea5p – thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo t\u1eebng t\u00fai c\u00e0 ph\u00ea<\/td>Trung b\u00ecnh (\u0111\u1eadm h\u01a1n = \u0111\u1eafng h\u01a1n)<\/td>Tinh ch\u1ec9nh \u1edf kh\u00e2u t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n; m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng bi\u00ean nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc Chi\u1ebft Xu\u1ea5t<\/td>\u00b110\u201315% qua li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/c\u1ee1 xay\/nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>Cao – c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh tr\u00ean t\u1eebng shot<\/td>Cao (\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt)<\/td>N\u00fam xoay \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 pha ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/td><\/tr>
    S\u1ed1 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Shot<\/td>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh (~63 mg\/shot Arabica)<\/td>Cao – ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<\/td>Trung b\u00ecnh (l\u00e0m d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eefa)<\/td>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n caffeine \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t; h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c puck m\u1edbi<\/td><\/tr>
    T\u1ef7 L\u1ec7 S\u1eefa<\/td>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>Cao – ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<\/td>Cao (c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9, v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt)<\/td>Ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea3m quan<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    <\/div>\n\n\n\n

    Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Christopher H. Hendon, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Matter (Cell Press), \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng khung v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    “T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn (Total solids), hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh (strength) hay n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea… v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eeb m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t n\u00e0y.”<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

    \u0110i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf caffeine trong latte l\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp: t\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine h\u00f2a tan l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng tra c\u1ee9u t\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i – v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o barista – ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3ng tra c\u1ee9u t\u0129nh \u0111\u00f3: “m\u1ed9t ly latte c\u00f3 63\u2013150 mg caffeine.” Ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c theo c\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 c\u00e2u n\u00f3i “m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe ch\u1ea1y 0\u2013200 d\u1eb7m\/gi\u1edd” l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. N\u00f3 cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u hay ph\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 n\u0103m y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y trao cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n. H\u00f3a ra, ly latte l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t trong gi\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea – m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n espresso c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t pha lo\u00e3ng tr\u01a1, v\u00e0 n\u0103m bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n

    Nh\u1eefng \u0110i\u1ec3m Ch\u00ednh C\u1ea7n Nh\u1edb V\u1ec1 H\u00e0m L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Caffeine Trong Latte<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n
    • H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong latte b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i shot nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot – s\u1eefa \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p kh\u00f4ng milligram n\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau.<\/li>\n\n\n
    • Gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c tr\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng: Robusta cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine g\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i so v\u1edbi Arabica tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i gram c\u00e0 ph\u00ea xanh.<\/li>\n\n\n
    • C\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang \u0111\u1eadm h\u01a1n mang l\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 3\u20137% tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i gram do kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y caffeine.<\/li>\n\n\n
    • T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 pha (brew ratio) – kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea so v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ea7u ra – l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t caffeine.<\/li>\n\n\n
    • M\u1ed7i puck espresso m\u1edbi toanh s\u1ebd c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh; k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t puck \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eeba s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n\n\n
    • T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eefa ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i caffeine v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine – h\u00e3y ch\u1ed1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau milligram c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ecdn k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n

      C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi Th\u01b0\u1eddng G\u1eb7p V\u1ec1 H\u00e0m L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Caffeine Trong Latte<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      M\u1ed9t ly latte l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u00f3 lu\u00f4n ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u caffeine h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ly nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n – n\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u1ed1c. M\u1ed9t ly latte 20-oz c\u00f3 hai shot ch\u1ee9a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t ly latte 10-oz c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hai shot; th\u1ec3 t\u00edch th\u1eeba ra ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb Arabica sang m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a Robusta th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong ly latte c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      M\u1ed9t shot duy nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb puck 100% Robusta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p 90\u2013110 mg so v\u1edbi 45\u201360 mg t\u1eeb Arabica – m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 2:1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0o tr\u00ean puck Arabica c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 san l\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      M\u1ed9t ly latte c\u00f3 l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n ristretto c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi latte espresso ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      M\u1ed9t shot ristretto chu\u1ea9n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u01b0ng \u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01a1n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 t\u00edch ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n – n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i ounce cao h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 milligram l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat do \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Quy t\u1eafc c\u00e0 ph\u00ea 15-15-15 l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Quy t\u1eafc 15-15-15 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1ef1c n\u00e9n (tamping) (15 lbs l\u1ef1c), kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c caffeine – n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a puck v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf n\u1eb1m b\u00ean trong y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00fang m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau caffeine c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      C\u00f3, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u1ee3p l\u00fd – h\u00e3y c\u00e2n li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 pha nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh ban \u0111\u1ea7u, sau \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch theo d\u00f5i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c shot xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00fai c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Quy t\u1eafc c\u00e0 ph\u00ea 2 gi\u1edd c\u00f3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine c\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t ly latte kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Quy t\u1eafc 2 gi\u1edd li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh th\u1eddi gian n\u1ea1p caffeine so v\u1edbi gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 – n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine c\u00f3 trong b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n chi\u1ebfc c\u1ed1c, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ecdt s\u1eefa \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong latte kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Kh\u00f4ng. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a s\u1eefa \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1ecdt nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed caffeine v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u00f2a tan trong l\u1edbp espresso. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong c\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eefa ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      T\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ly latte \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n (specialty latte) c\u00f3 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eadm h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m tra ra l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      C\u00e1c h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 rang \u0111\u1eadm h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c shot b\u1ecb chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c (over-extracted) s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t phenolic \u0111\u1eafng h\u01a1n, nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ghi d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n “\u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh” l\u00ean v\u00f2m mi\u1ec7ng – nh\u01b0ng v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n

      Ngu\u1ed3n Tham Kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n
      • Olechno, N. et al., “Caffeine in Coffee Brews: A Literature Review” – mdpi.com<\/li>\n\n\n
      • Kuhn, S. et al., “Caffeine content in espresso coffee” – sciencedirect.com<\/li>\n\n\n
      • Caffeine content ratio in Arabica vs. Robusta green beans – journal.biotrop.org<\/li>\n\n\n
      • HPLC study on caffeine stability across roast profiles – pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov<\/li>\n\n\n
      • Wampfler, S.L. et al., “Espresso extraction parameters and component mass” – mdpi.com<\/li>\n\n\n
      • PMC study on grind and temperature effects on caffeine extraction efficiency – pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov<\/li>\n\n\n
      • Hendon, C.H. et al., “Systematically improving espresso” – cell.com<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong m\u1ed9t ly latte \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi n\u0103m y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh: s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot espresso, lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t (Arabica so v\u1edbi Robusta), t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eefa v\u00e0 espresso, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 pha ch\u1ebf, v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t ly latte double-shot (2 shot) ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a 125 mg caffeine, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine n\u1ea1p v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u1edf b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":50677,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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Toan","author_link":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/vi\/author\/pham-toan\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng caffeine trong m\u1ed9t ly latte \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi n\u0103m y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh: s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng shot espresso, lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t (Arabica so v\u1edbi Robusta), t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eefa v\u00e0 espresso, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 pha ch\u1ebf, v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t ly latte double-shot (2 shot) ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a 125 mg caffeine,…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53934","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53934"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53934\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":53937,"href":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53934\/revisions\/53937"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50677"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53934"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53934"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/coffeefactz.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53934"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}