Coffee Beans

The Timor Hybrid coffee is a natural cross between Coffea Arabica and Coffea Canephora (Robusta) originating from East Timor, inheriting disease resistance genes. This unique Arabica variety, possessing 4 chromosome pairs, is vital for Arabica breeding programs against coffee leaf rust. Dive into its genetics and its descendants like Catimor and Sarchimor.

Bourbon coffee is a highly celebrated Arabica varietal, tracing its origins to Yemen and Ethiopia before being widely cultivated on Réunion Island (Île Bourbon) in the 1700s. It is prized for its complex flavor profile, which features a satisfying balance of sweetness and acidity, rich aromas of fruit and caramel, and a smooth, full body. Bourbon is a foundational varietal, giving rise to important mutations like Caturra and Pacas. Explore the history, unique chemistry, and diverse relatives of this globally significant coffee plant.

Typica coffee is one of the original and most historically significant varieties of Coffea Arabica, tracing its global journey from Ethiopia and Yemen starting in the 15th century. While it is known for its low yield and disease susceptibility, Typica is highly prized in the specialty coffee market for the excellent quality of its large beans when grown at optimal altitudes (1000m to 1600m). Its genetic lineage is the backbone for many varieties, including Blue Mountain and Maragogype. Discover the rich legacy and unique characteristics of this “Queen of the Coffee World.”

Robusta (Coffea Canephora) is the second most popular coffee species, accounting for 40% of global production, and is primarily characterized by its high caffeine content and exceptional resilience to heat and drought. Unlike Arabica, Robusta’s chemical composition features higher levels of Chlorogenic Acids, resulting in a stronger, more bitter flavor, making it ideal for instant coffee and espresso blends. Robusta thrives best at temperatures between 16.2°C and 24.1°C. Explore the unique characteristics and vital role Robusta plays in the future of sustainable coffee production.

Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) is the world’s most popular coffee species, accounting for over 60% of global production, and is cherished for its smooth, complex flavor profiles, ranging from fruity to floral. Originating in the Ethiopian highlands, Arabica requires specific conditions, thriving best at high altitudes (1,200 to 1,800 meters ASL) and temperatures between 15°C and 24°C. Despite challenges from Coffee Leaf Rust, its foundational varieties, Typica and Bourbon, continue to shape global cultivation. Discover the comprehensive journey of Arabica, from its genetic origins to its cultural impact worldwide.